英语四级语法知识:性和非性定语从句在中,单独考察的题几乎没有,但是语法知识点却贯穿整张试卷,下面是频道为大家整理的知识,希望可以为大家带来帮助,一起来学习一下吧。
18.4 性和非性定语从句
1) 定语从句有性和非性两种。性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,例如: This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(性) The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非性)
2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非性的,例如: Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。 My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。 This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍。
3) 非性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如: He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。 Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发。 说明:关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非性定语从句。