单选题作为雅思听力的万年钉子户,着实困扰了一大批考生,虽然只有三个选项,但是每当音频播放完之后,大家的感觉都是‘仿佛听到了所有选项’,顿时无从下手。是的,一般情况下,两个干扰选项和一个正确选项都会在音频中直接或者间接或者部分体现,从而给考生制造了幻觉。那么考生该如何排除万难,慧眼识珠呢?
排除法是选择题的有效答题方法,今天介绍三种排除法:
1, 相似排除
考官在设置考点时,故意将音频中部分原词放到选项中,并且往往跟在题干关键后出现,引诱考生出错。然后把正确选项同义(近义)改写成音频中的内容。
例如: -Why has James chosen to do a case study on the company Furniture Rossi?
A. It has enjoyed global success B. It is still in a development phase C. It is an example of a foreign company being rebranded for Australia.
音频‘Furniture Rossi is an Australian company, got plans to expand into foreign markets…’虽然音频中出现了选项c中的部分原词,但是表达的句义与c选项并不相同;‘aiming to build a global brand…’,出现A选项原词,句义不符。答案句 ‘it is gong through a transition…’,transition与development phase构成替换。
可见如果我们把握住出题者设置陷阱的手段,就可以通过相似排除的方法,提升答题正确率。
2, 时态排除
通过观察不难发现,一般情况下,选择题所考察的时态均为一般现在时,偶尔考察过去或者将来时时,题干上会有明确的时态标示词。既然常考察一般现在时,那么音频中描述过去或者将来的内容则为干扰信息。
常见过去时路标词:was/were, V ed…thought, use to, in the past…
常见将来时路标词:plan/intend to do sth, thinking to, aiming to, next time…
例如:
-The entertainment will be a
A. Live band B. Comedian C. Magician
音频‘we were expecting a live band…we had hoped that the resident magician who worked here through the summer would be able to help out but they were not keen on the idea…’由音频可知A和C选项都为过去时,可以通过时态法进行排除。
3, 并列排除
这一方法是在解答听力单选题中比较好用的方法。即一般情况下,在三个选项中,如果其中有两个选项由and或者or连接,那么这两个选项一般均不是答案。
例如:
Local newspapers have raised worries about
A. The late opening date B. The cost of the project C. The size of the facilities
音频‘also, just in case you were wondering, we’re on schedule for June 15th opening date and well within budget…’其中on schedule对应A选项,within budget对应B选项,两句由and连接,可知答案为C。