在雅思写作考试小作文中，经常会出现地图题，很多考生认为地图题难度比较大，写作不知道从哪开始。今天小编为大家带来的是雅思写作地图题答题素材，也介绍了一些地图题写作常用的句式，各位考生可以参考一下。
　　地图题
　　1.时态
　　如果地图题反映的是一个地方在过去的一段时间的变化，文章用一般过去时。如果地图题反映的是一个地方在将来一段时间的变化趋势，文章用一般将来时或表“估计”的词汇。如果地图题反映的是一个地方从过去到现在的变化，可用现完成时。 如：现在停车场改成了一个剧院。 The car park has been removed and replaced by a theatre. 城镇A的家庭数量从1937年到2021年将翻一番。 The number of homes in Town A is likely to double (is likely to= is predicted to /is estimated to/is projected to/is expected to ) 又可为： It is likely that the number of homes in Town A will double. (it is likely that = it is predicted/estimated/projected/ expected that….)
　　2.细节变化
　　地图每个细节变化都要提到，不要忽视一个细节
　　3.语态
　　地图题用被动语态 如： 2000年在城镇A 新建了一个医院：A new hospital was established in Town A in 2000.
　　4.地图题的书写顺序：时间顺序和空间顺序 如2015年9月A 类TASK 1 The map shows the development of the village of Kelsbey between 1780 and 2000.
　　适用句式 A 在B 的东方/西方/南方/北方 A is/ lies/ is located/ is situated in/on / to the east/west/south/north of B (in 表A 在B 内部， ON 表A 和B接壤，TO 表A 和B 分开) A 在B 内部的某个部位 A is in the eastern/ southern/ western/ northern part of B. A在B 西北部的120 千米处 A lies 120 km to the northwest of B. A 在B….角落 A is at/in the south-eastern corner of B ( at 表示A 在B 外部， in表A 在B 内部) 在河流或道路的南边/北边等 On the south/southern side of the river On both sides of the road On the other side 临近马路的地区 The area adjacent to/ near /next to/ just off the road 在道路或河流的比较南端 At the southern end of the river A 在B 的对面 A is on the opposite side of B A is opposite B A 在B 东部的边界上(A 在B外部) A is on the eastern border of B A 在B 东部边缘上 (A 在B 内部) A is on/ along the eastern edge of B 5.“变化”词汇 地图题描述的是一个地区的变化，那么“变化”词汇必须过关。 雅思网海外考试研究中心分析发现，变化包括两种：图形原有事物的改变，图形新添事物。 我们先看图形原有事物的改变： 原有事物可说成： The original/previous/former garden 原有事物尺寸上变大/变小： The size of the library has been enlarged/extended/halved/reduced by half 原有事物在数量上增多或减少： The number of homes has increased/risen/grown/reduced /decreased/dropped/fallen/ doubled/ tripled/ quadrupled to 500. 原有事物没了： The farms completely disappeared/were removed. 原有事物被改为： A becomes B A is transformed/reconstructed/redeveloped/converted/changed/turned over to/ into B A is replaced /substituted by B = A gives way to B 图形新添事物 A newly-built road A new car park was built/established/set up/constructed/completed and opened in the middle of B A new IT centre has been added to the library The year 2000 saw two additions to the land： a pond in the northern part and a vegetable garden on the opposite side.
　　地图题的6个常用句式(前三个句子为主，后面的句子为连接和点缀)
　　句式1：located/situated/sited/built/constructed 地点
　　1. 一块湿地(wetland)在湖的西南面。 A wetland is located to the southeast of the lack.
　　句式2：地点 with 地点 方位
　　2. 这个地区有一个很大的树林，在南面有一个农场。 This region has large woodland with a farm to the south.
　　句式3：there be 句型
　　3. 东南角有两个学校。 There are two schools on the south-eastern corner of the area.
　　句式4：使用while, but 和and连接的句子
　　4. 城市的北面有一个山， 而南面有一个湖 A mountain is located to the north of the city, while there is a river to the south.
　　句式5： 倒装句
　　5. 河的南面有个博物馆。 To the south of the river was a library.
　　句式6：使用名词性从句(譬如说it should be noted that, it is worth noting that, it is noticeable that, we can see that, it is clear that, one significant change is that)
　　6. 值得注意的是这个图书馆在东侧有一长列的会议室。
　　It is noticeable that the library has a row of meeting rooms on the eastern side.